Autumn cyber security briefing: responding to evolving threats and new regulatory requirements
Emerging threats and the need for leaders to respond to regulatory changes were the focus of our autumn cyber briefing for senior leaders. Here’s everything you need to know.
Author

David Batho
Director of sector security, Jisc
Cyber threats targeted at the UK education, research and public sectors are becoming more sophisticated, evolving faster and becoming more difficult to defend against.
In 2025, we identified 16,000 incidents across education and research, seven of which were classified as major incidents. In the first quarter of 2026, more than 144,000 username and password combinations from our sector were found on the dark web, and we supported organisations with eight significant ransomware attacks.
In 2025, we identified 16,000 incidents across education and research, seven of which were classified as major incidents.
AI is increasing the speed and scale of attacks, lowering the technical barrier for less capable attackers to make sophisticated phishing attempts using techniques such as voice cloning. The move towards autonomous AI agents creates additional risks, particularly where agents can access or share data.
Ransomware remains widespread, but is increasingly focused on stealing data rather than encrypting systems. There is even a rise in criminal groups selling on ‘ransomware as a service’, with 61 new groups emerging globally just this year – further lowering the bar to entry for malicious actors.
New regulatory changes and leaders’ responsibilities
Against this shifting cyber threat landscape, leaders are under increasing pressure to ensure cyber resilience not just within their own organisations, but throughout their supply chains.
Leaders are under increasing pressure to ensure cyber resilience not just within their own organisations, but throughout their supply chains.
Proposed changes to the Cyber Security and Resilience Bill (CSRB), require organisations to understand their cyber risk and supply chain exposure – expanding the scope of the regulation to third parties such as managed services and data centres.
Leaders should prepare for increased supplier assurance and incident reporting requirements, including notification within 24 hours of awareness and full notification within 72 hours to the regulator and National Cyber Security Centre (NCSC) following a breach.
Other regulatory and advisory changes also put responsibilities on leaders. The latest CAF (Cyber Assessment Framework) 4.0 requires organisations to assign clear ownership of cyber security, fund improvements, improve monitoring and threat hunting, and introduce AI risk management.
An updated NCSC Cyber Governance Code of Practice reinforces the need for board oversight of cyber security. Additionally, an update in April this year to the Cyber Essentials assessment framework, which sets out the basic security baseline organisations should aim to achieve, brings cloud services into scope and makes multi-factor authentication (MFA) assessment an important part of the process.
What leaders can do now
- Assess services you provide and your dependencies on critical suppliers to understand third-party risk – who can access your systems? How quickly will they notify you of a breach? Can you obtain their data and logs? What are your critical services, and what are tolerable outages?
- Seek third-party evidence, such as assurance reports, to confirm suppliers meet appropriate standards such as Cyber Essentials and ISO 27001, and keep cyber security practices up to date
- Test resilience to discover how your organisation would operate if third-party systems such as student records, HR or payroll became unavailable, particularly during critical periods such as clearing, work with those suppliers to test recovery plans
- Include critical suppliers in incident response plans, business continuity plans, tabletop exercises and incident response exercises
- Fund solutions to the highest-risk gaps, assign clear ownership for cyber resilience, and regularly review progress
- Equip your staff to recognise threats such as phishing and create a culture where they feel safe to report concerns and potential incidents early, without fear of blame
- Set out clear arrangements for who can declare an incident, who commands the response, how emergency funding is authorised, how critical services are maintained and how a restored service is declared clean and safe
Protection through Jisc and Janet
We support education, research and public sector organisations to strengthen their cyber security posture and meet their compliance requirements.
Every Janet-connected organisation benefits from built-in foundation security protections including distributed denial of service (DDoS) mitigation to protect against attacks that flood systems with malicious traffic, Janet Network resolver, which blocks access to known dangerous or compromised domains, and incident response from our computer security incident response team (CSIRT).
Members and customers also benefit from Jisc training and resources and our 3,000-strong cyber community, which shares threat intelligence and good practice to help the sector defend as one.
Organisations that require more protection can upgrade to our security operations centre (SOC) for 24/7 monitoring, threat detection and response support.
Next steps
Our annual security conference takes place 24–25 November at Manchester Central and online. Book your security conference ticket now.
A ready for a cyber attack practical workshop for senior leaders is taking place on 29 October. The workshop is free and spaces remain available.
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